Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024)

Biogas, an eco-friendly energy source, significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions by converting organic waste or biomass into methane. However, the quality of biogas, primarily determined by methane content and pressure variables, directly impacts its efficiency and safety. This study, which aims to design a pressure control system and monitor methane gas levels in a biogas reactor using a PID Controller with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), provides crucial insights into improving biogas production efficiency and safety. Tests were conducted on a fixed dome-type biogas reactor in the…

Water content is an indicator that can affect food quality and safety as well as commodity prices. Therefore, measuring the moisture content of commodities is important to ensure the food system viability. The development of increasingly sophisticated technology has led many companies to introduce water content measuring instruments called Moisture Content Meters (MCM). However, this tool is marketed at an expensive price. In this research, a prototype for measuring the moisture content and food quality of rice and corn commodities using a cheap capacitive sensor has been successfully made…

The change of payment method for electrical energy to prepaid by the Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) is based on the increase in the use of electrical power, and there are areas for improvement in the postpaid system. The prepaid method uses the Standard Transfer Specification (STS) system, users enter a 20-digit token number on the kWh by pressing the kWh meter keyboard, but there are some things that could be improved if they look at the placement of the kWh meter. The user

One of the main challenges in farming activities is regarding efforts to detect and monitor pests, which can be used as a basis for determining correct pest control efforts. Greenhouse whitefish (GWF) is a dangerous pest that absorbs plant sap, causing plants to weaken or even die due to lack of nutrition. Efforts to detect GWF pests are generally carried out manually using yellow sticky traps (YST), which require routine and repeated checking efforts from farmers with a long time interval between each checking activity. This research is aimed to design an automatic monitoring solution of GWF…

Developing renewable energy is one of the main strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve global goals to limit global warming above pre-industrial temperatures. This study analyzes the effect of varying the cooling water flow rate on MS100-36 type polycrystalline photovoltaic modules through ANSYS Fluent 2024 R1 Student simulation. This simulation was conducted from 08:00 to 17:00, focusing on the influence of inlet water temperature on the temperature distribution of photovoltaic modules. The simulation results indicate thermal steady-state conditions at an irradiation of 463…

The wrist is essential to various human activities, with basic flexion, extension, and straight (normal) movements. These movements can be identified using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals that allow human interaction with computers through muscle activity, referred to as a muscle-computer interface. This research aims to perform the classification of flexion, extension, and normal movements as an initial stage of developing a muscle-computer interface system. The main stages of this research include data acquisition, signal processing, and motion classification with a support vector…

Energy transformation is growing, and trade is becoming more complex and dynamic regarding energy efficiency and flexible production design. The development of a semi-automatic transporter aims to improve intralogistics

The refining process is a part of the paper-making process that requires a large amount of energy. The strategy used is to change the type of refiner machine from Conical to Double Disc Refiner (DDR) because DDR spends less energy. At a consistent range of 4% Specific Edge Load (SEL) DDR is 1.4–4 J/m while conical SEL is 0.9–6.0 J/m. This research will test the energy used in making HVS paper 80-gram by referring to what has been mentioned. The consistency used is in the range of 4.4–4.6%. As supporting parameters, the physical properties of HVS 80-gram paper were used, namely bulk, tearing,…

Poor air quality is a serious health and environmental issue. Microscopic particles such as PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 cause respiratory disorders and other health problems. Therefore, accurate and continuous air quality monitoring is crucial to mitigate the impacts of air pollution. This research aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)--based particle counter capable of real-time air quality monitoring and reporting via an online platform. The system utilizes a PMS5003 sensor to measure PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations precisely. Data from the sensor is processed by an ESP8266…

High solid particle contamination in hydraulic oil can cause abnormal damage to hydraulic system components. Monitoring the hydraulic oil solid particle contamination level is necessary to ensure it is always within permissible limits. Monitoring of solid particle contamination in hydraulic oil is still done manually by taking an oil sample and then measuring the level of solid particle contamination in the oil sample. This method still relies on human power. Therefore, there is still a possibility that oil conditions are not monitored due to human negligence. This research aims to design a…